Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata"

Lo scopo del corso di anatomia umana è di guidare lo studente di farmacia nello studio del corpo umano e delle fasi critiche di sviluppo embrionale, con particolare attenzione alle correlazioni morfo-funzionale. Queste nozioni sono necessari prerequisiti per la comprensione della fisiologia, della fisiopatologia e della interazione di composti chimici con tessuti e organi, necessario bagaglio di conoscenze per un un farmacista. A tal fine, particolare attenzione sarà data allo studio dell'anatomia microscopica dei tessuti e organi e allo studio della neuroanatomia. Saranno inoltre forniti gli elementi essenziali di anatomia macroscopica e topografica degli organi toraco-addominali

L'obiettivo principale del corso di Chimica generale è quello di dare allo studente una solida base sia in chimica teorica e descrittiva. Particolare attenzione sarà dedicata allo sviluppo di capacità di problem solving, nonché sull'applicazione dei concetti chimiche fondamentali

Lo studente acquisirà familiarità con diversi strumenti di base dell'analisi e con alcune tecniche di approssimazione in vista delle loro applicazioni in preparazione dei farmaci e per le simulazioni numeriche di semplici modelli

Scopo del corso è introdurre i principi fondamentali della Fisica Classica ed applicarli alla risoluzione di semplici problemi. Il corso affronta gli argomenti fondamentali della Meccanica, della Termodinamica di Elettromagnetismo e delle Onde. Particolare attenzione è posta alle applicazioni nell'ambito delle Scienze Biologiche e Mediche.

Fornire agli studenti del corso di laurea in Farmacia in Inglese le basi essenziali della biologia cellulare, nonchè una introduzione alla biologia della riproduzione dei mammiferi.

Fornire agli studenti del corso di laurea in Farmacia in Inglese le basi essenziali della biologia cellulare, nonchè una introduzione alla biologia della riproduzione dei mammiferi.

Conoscenza della nomenclatura, struttura, proprietà, e reazioni delle principali classi di composti organici e bioorganici. Principi fondamentali di stereochimica e meccanismi di reazione.

Aim: the principle notion of metabolic and cardiovascula disfunction in the human being and principle of dermatology and cosmetics and their galenic application.--------------Heart
failure; Atherosclerosis; Endothelial function; Acute coronary syndrome; Hypertension;
Pneumonias; Anemias; Inflammatory bowel diseases; Hepatitis; Diabetes mellitus;
Hyperlipoproteinemias; Obesity; Thyroid diseases; Osteoporosis; Rheumatoid
arthritis.

Knowledge
of principles of dermatology and cosmetology In order to deal with dermatological drugs and cosmetics.
Preparation on Galenicals in dermatology.



Suggested
textbooks

Slide set of the lessons

Aim: the principle notion of metabolic and cardiovascula disfunction in the human being and principle of dermatology and cosmetics and their galenic application.--------------Heart failure; Atherosclerosis; Endothelial function; Acute coronary syndrome; Hypertension; Pneumonias; Anemias; Inflammatory bowel diseases; Hepatitis; Diabetes mellitus; Hyperlipoproteinemias; Obesity; Thyroid diseases; Osteoporosis; Rheumatoid arthritis.Suggested textbooksSlide set of the lessons

Aim: the principle notion of metabolic and cardiovascula disfunction in the human being and principle of dermatology and cosmetics and their galenic application.--------------Knowledge of principles of dermatology and cosmetology In order to deal with dermatological drugs and cosmetics. Preparation on Galenicals in dermatology.Suggested textbooksSlide set of the lessons

Aim: study of chemical interaction of pharmaceutical molecules with the biological system................................................Antibiotics and resistance bacterial system, nervous system pharmacy: Gabaergic system (agonist and antagonist); glutamatergic system; addiction system and drugs: cocaine, anphetamine, oppioide system, LSD, alcohol, eroine.

Suggested
texbooks

An Introduction to Medicinal Chemistry of
Graham L.Patrick

Foye’s principles of Medicinal Chemistry of
Lemke, Williams, Roche and Zito

Aim: study of chemical interaction of pharmaceutical molecules with the biological system................................................Nervous system pharmacy: Gabaergic system (agonist and antagonist); glutamatergic system; addiction system and drugs: cocaine, anphetamine, oppioide system, LSD, alcohol, eroine.Suggested texbooksAn Introduction to Medicinal Chemistry of Graham L.PatrickFoye’s principles of Medicinal Chemistry of Lemke, Williams, Roche and Zito

Aim: study of chemical interaction of pharmaceutical molecules with the biological system................................................Antibiotics and resistance bacterial system.Suggested texbooksAn Introduction to Medicinal Chemistry of Graham L.PatrickFoye’s principles of Medicinal Chemistry of Lemke, Williams, Roche and Zito

AIM: To allow the students to acquire the elements of
biopharmaceutics. To inform the students about the theory behind the
preparation of pharmaceutical dosage forms. To inform about the preparation and control of
the various dosage forms. To give information about possible future
developments of pharmaceutics.--------------------Introduction to biopharmaceutics
Blood levels and therapeutic effects. Routes of administration. Mechanisms of drug dissolution and absorption.
Compartment models and pharmacokinetic parameters. Apparent distribution
volume. Drug-protein interaction. Drug and dosage form degradation. Expiring
date of medicines. Sterilization processes. Bacterial endotoxins. Limulus test.
Glass for pharmaceutical uses. Isotonic and iso-osmotic solutions and
calculations. Alcohol in pharmaceutical formulations. Ethyl alcohol dilution.
Alcohol determination in pharmaceutical preparations. Lyophilization. Interfacial
phenomena. Surface tension. Surfactants. Wetting. Micelles. Disperse systems:
emulsions and suspensions. Basic principles of rheology. Classification of
dosage forms. An overview on the various dosage forms. Innovative dosage forms. Modified release dosage forms.
Drug targeting.



DIDACTIC
MATERIALS: Copies of the slides presented during the lessons

AIM: To allow the students to acquire the elements of biopharmaceutics. To inform the students about the theory behind the preparation of pharmaceutical dosage forms. To inform about the preparation and control of the various dosage forms. To give information about possible future developments of pharmaceutics.--------------------Introduction to biopharmaceutics
Blood levels and therapeutic effects. Routes of administration. Mechanisms of drug dissolution and absorption.
Compartment models and pharmacokinetic parameters. Apparent distribution
volume. Drug-protein interaction. Drug and dosage form degradation. Expiring
date of medicines. Sterilization processes. Bacterial endotoxins. Limulus test.
Glass for pharmaceutical uses. Isotonic and iso-osmotic solutions and
calculations.



DIDACTIC
MATERIALS: Copies of the slides presented during the lessons

AIM: To allow the students to acquire the elements of biopharmaceutics. To inform the students about the theory behind the preparation of pharmaceutical dosage forms. To inform about the preparation and control of the various dosage forms. To give information about possible future developments of pharmaceutics.--------------------Alcohol in pharmaceutical formulations. Ethyl alcohol dilution.
Alcohol determination in pharmaceutical preparations. Lyophilization. Interfacial
phenomena. Surface tension. Surfactants. Wetting. Micelles. Disperse systems:
emulsions and suspensions. Basic principles of rheology. Classification of
dosage forms. An overview on the various dosage forms. Innovative dosage forms. Modified release dosage forms.
Drug targeting.



DIDACTIC
MATERIALS: Copies of the slides presented during the lessons

Aim: The basis of pharmacology: pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamincs and classes of special drugs with their collateral effects.-----------------------Special pharmacology: Drugs acting at synaptic and neuroeffector junctional sites.Drugs Therapy of inflammation.Drugs affecting renal and cardiovascoular function.Drugs affecting gastrointestinal functions.Drugs acting on the blood and blood forming organs.Principles of Toxicology.Reference:LINK didattica WEB.2

Aim: The basis of pharmacology: pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamincs and classes of special drugs with their collateral effects.-----------------------Drugs affecting gastrointestinal functions.Drugs acting on the blood and blood forming organs.Principles of Toxicology.Reference:LINK didattica WEB.2

Aim: The basis of pharmacology: pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamincs and classes of special drugs with their collateral effects.-----------------------The basis of pharmacology: pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamincs.Special pharmacology: Drugs acting at synaptic and neuroeffector junctional sites.Drugs Therapy of inflammation.Drugs affecting renal and cardiovascoular function.Reference:LINK didattica WEB.2

Aim: drugs active on central nervous system and the transduction of their signals on the neuronal cells.---------------------------------------Receptors: Classification, structural, molecular and
functional organization, pharmacological modulation. Regulation of receptor
function: desensitisation, up regulation, down regulation.

Ionotropic receptors: Tissue and subcellular
distribution. Molecular organization. Ionic selectivity. Pharmacological
modulation.

Metabotropic receptors: Classification. Molecular
organization. Ligand binding sites. Mechanisms of interaction with G proteins.
Molecular organization and function of heteromeric G proteins. Effector
mechanisms: adenylate cyclase and cAMP, phospholipase C and phosphinositides
cycle, MAP kinase cascade. Scaffolding proteins: localization and functions.

Methods for the study of membrane receptors: Receptor binding studies on
membranes and tissues (receptor autoradiography). Methods for the analysis of G
protein coupling to receptors. Principles of immunohistochemistry and
electrophysiology.

Protein kinases and their role in signal
transduction: Molecular
structure and mechanism of action of protein kinases A, C,
calcium/calmodulin-dependent, MAPK. GSK: G protein coupled receptor kinases.
Pharmacological modulation of protein kinases. Protein phosphatases.
Calcinueurin and immunosuppressant drugs. Role of phosphorylation in the
modulation of receptor function. Regulation
of intracellular calcium homeostasis: Structure and function of calcium
channels, pumps and transporters localized on the cell membrane.
Voltage-dependent calcium-channels: classification, molecular organization,
voltage sensor, ionic selectivity, pharmacological modulation. Na+/K+-ATPase,
Na+/Ca2+ exchanger and cardioactive glycosides.
Intracellular calcium store, ryanodine and IP3 receptors, endogenous and
pharmacological modulators. Cytosolic proteins implicated in calcium binding.

Sodium channels: Voltage-dependent sodium channels: molecular
organization, functions, voltage sensor, opening and inactivating mechanisms,
cellular localization: cytoskeleton anchoring sites, modulation by drugs and
toxins. Epithelial sodium channels: molecular organization and modulation by
potassium spare diuretics.

Potassium channels: Molecular and functional
classification. Voltage-gated channels, ATP-dependent channels, GIRKS, inward
rectifiers, calcium-activated channels. Pharmacological modulation of potassium
channels.

Chloride channels: Molecular organization and function of CIC and
CFTR channels.

Neurotransporters: Molecular structure, activation mechanisms and
pharmacological modulation of neurotransporters:
membrane Na+/K+-dependent transporter for EAA, membrane
Na+/Cl—dependent transporters for GABA and monoamines,
vesicular H+-dependent transporters for amino acids and
acetylcholine.

Catecholaminergic transmission: Biosynthesis, vesicular storage, metabolic
degradation and reuptake. α e β adrenergic and dopaminergic receptors:
molecular organization, function, signal transduction mechanisms,
pharmacological modulation.

Cholinergic transmission: Biosynthesis, intracellular storage
and metabolism of acetylcholine. Cellular localization, function and structural
features of choline acetyl transferase and cholinesterases. Classification,
molecular organization and mechanisms of activation of nicotinic and muscarinic
receptors.

Serotonergic transmission: Biosynthesis, metabolism and
reuptake of serotonin: pharmacological modulation. Classification, function and
modulation of serotonin receptors.

GABAergic transmission: Synthesis, degradation and reuptake
of GABA: pharmacological modulation. GABAA, GABAB and GABAC
receptors: molecular organization, mechanisms of receptor activation and
modulation.

Excitatory amino acid transmission: Synthesis, vesicular storage and
transport of glutamate. Ionotropic and metabotropic receptors for EEA:
classification, molecular organization, mechanisms of activation and
pharmacological modulation.

Nitric oxide: Roles, biosynthesis, NOS synthase: isoforms,
regulation and pharmacological modulation.

Opioid system: Roles biosynthesis and metabolism of
endogenous opioids. Opioid receptors: molecular organization, mechanisms of
receptor activation and pharmacological modulation.

Cannabinoids: Roles, biosynthesis and metabolism of
endocannabinoids. Cannabinoid receptors: molecular organization, mechanisms of
receptor activation and pharmacological modulation.



REFERENCES:

Goodman and
Gilman: The pharmacological basis of therapeutics, XI ed. McGraw-Hill

Clementi
F., Fumagalli G.: Farmacologia generale e molecolare, III ed. UTET

Hammond,
Cellular and Molecular Neurophysiology, III ed. Academic Press

Casarett
& Doull's Toxicology: The Basic Science of Poisons, VII ed. McGraw-Hill

The module aims at
examining the principles of antimicrobial and anticancer chemotherapy
(including monoclonal antibodies and small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors),
with special emphasis given to pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, side
effects, drug interactions, therapeutic uses and to drugs recently introduced
in the market.

DIDACTIC MATERIALS: Suggested textbook: Goodman and Gilman The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics,
12th edition, Laurence L Brunton, Bruce A. Chabner, Björn C.
Knollmann, McGraw Hill.

Regulation of Medicines in EUThe Centralized ProcedureThe Mutual Recognition ProcedureClinical Trials and PharmacovigilanceOrphan drugsTraditional herbal medicinesSupplementary protection certificateAuthorization for generic medicineVeterinary medicinal productsConference with a manager of an Italian pharmaceutical companyPaediatric and Homeopathylegislation in Europe.Commercial activities in the
pharmaceutical sector;Professional qualification:
”pharmacist”. Freedom of establishment in the European UnionAuthorisation
and supervision of medicinal products for human use and the action of European
Medicines Agency;Competition in the pharmaceutical
sector. In particular between Originator and Generic companies;Unfair
business-to-consumer commercial practises in the internal market and the
pharmaceutical sector;Advertising
of medicinal products for human use;Patent
medicines and legal protection. In particular Community patent in the
Decision 2011/62/EU;Industrial
inventions; pharmaceutical inventions;The
legal protection of biotechnological inventions;Patents
and vegetable crop diversityReference: LINK didattica WEB.2----Fonti normative e
organi legiferanti o consultivi in ambito

farmaceutico;
organizzazione sanitaria italiana e SSN;

Professioni Sanitarie
e Ordine dei Farmacisti.

2. Classificazione
delle Farmacie e pianta organica; concorsi

per sedi
farmaceutiche ed esercizio della Professione di

Farmacista; Registri
e materiale obbligatori o utili in

Farmacia.

3. Definizione e
classificazione dei Medicinali, requisiti per la

produzione e la
vendita. presentazione e pubblicità dei

medicinali. Ricette
mediche: requisiti ed obblighi nella

spedizione.

4. Dispensazione dei
medicinali in regime di SSN. Normative

particolari: prodotti
erboristici, prodotti dietetici, integratori

alimentari,
omeopatici, dispositivi medici e doping.

5. Stupefacenti:
modalità di prescrizione,

approvvigionamento,
gestione e spedizione delle ricette;

Gestione
dei veleni; vigilanza sulle Farmacie.

Reference:P.Minghetti, Marcello
Marchetti “ Legislazione

farmaceutica: esami
di farmacia” 3. ed Milano, CEA,

2002.

• M. Amorosa
“Principi di tecnica farmaceutica e cenni di

legislazione
sanitaria per l'esercizio della professione di

farmacista” Bologna,
Libreria Universitaria L. Tinarelli,

1998

Aim: normativa italiana sulla farmacia e sua gestione.-------------------------------1.Fonti normative e
organi legiferanti o consultivi in ambito

farmaceutico;
organizzazione sanitaria italiana e SSN;

Professioni Sanitarie
e Ordine dei Farmacisti.

2. Classificazione
delle Farmacie e pianta organica; concorsi

per sedi
farmaceutiche ed esercizio della Professione di

Farmacista; Registri
e materiale obbligatori o utili in

Farmacia.

3. Definizione e
classificazione dei Medicinali, requisiti per la

produzione e la
vendita. presentazione e pubblicità dei

medicinali. Ricette
mediche: requisiti ed obblighi nella

spedizione.

4. Dispensazione dei
medicinali in regime di SSN. Normative

particolari: prodotti
erboristici, prodotti dietetici, integratori

alimentari,
omeopatici, dispositivi medici e doping.

5. Stupefacenti:
modalità di prescrizione,

approvvigionamento,
gestione e spedizione delle ricette;

Gestione
dei veleni; vigilanza sulle Farmacie.







P.Minghetti, Marcello
Marchetti “ Legislazione

farmaceutica: esami
di farmacia” 3. ed Milano, CEA,

2002.

• M. Amorosa
“Principi di tecnica farmaceutica e cenni di

legislazione
sanitaria per l'esercizio della professione di

farmacista” Bologna,
Libreria Universitaria L. Tinarelli,

1998

Commercial activities in the
pharmaceutical sector......................................................

¡ Professional qualification:
”pharmacist”. Freedom of establishment in the European Union

¡
Authorisation
and supervision of medicinal products for human use and the action of European
Medicines Agency;

¡ Competition in the pharmaceutical
sector. In particular between Originator and Generic companies;

¡
Unfair
business-to-consumer commercial practises in the internal market and the
pharmaceutical sector;

¡
Advertising
of medicinal products for human use;

¡
Patent
medicines and legal protection. In particular Community patent in the
Decision 2011/62/EU;

¡ Industrial
inventions; pharmaceutical inventions;

¡
The
legal protection of biotechnological inventions;

¡ Patents
and vegetable crop diversity

Aim: notion of international rule related to the marketing authorization for several classes of drugs...........................................................................

1) Regulation of Medicines in EU

The Centralized Procedure

The Mutual Recognition Procedure

Clinical Trials and Pharmacovigilance

2) Orphan drugs

3) Traditional herbal medicines

4) Supplementary protection certificate

5) Authorization for generic medicine

6) Veterinary medicinal products

7) Conference with a manager of an Italian pharmaceutical company

8) Paediatric and Homeopathy legislation in Europe.Reference: LINK didattica WEB.2

Aim: chemical and medical information about the principles
classes of food and dietetic programs. Food and Health

·
Introduction to Nutrition

·
Introductory Biochemistry

·
Food Materials and Ingredients

·
Microbial Physiology

·
Food Commodities

·
Manufacture of Food

·
Food Safety

·
Food Product Case Studies

·
The Microflora of Foods

·
Research Project in Food Science 2

·
Sensory Quality of Food

·
Food Factory Operations·
Genetics and Cell Biology·
Whole Organism Biology·
Introduction to Nutrition·
Introductory Biochemistry·
Food Hygiene·
Food Commodities·
Manufacture of Food·
Nutrition, Metabolism and Disease·
Food Safety·
Principles of Human Nutrition·
Nutrition and the Health of Populations·
Food Factory OperationsReferenceLINK didattica WEB.2

Aim: chemical and medical information about the principles
classes of food and dietetic programs. Genetics and Cell Biology

·
Whole Organism Biology

·
Introduction to Nutrition

·
Introductory Biochemistry

·
Food Hygiene

·
Food Commodities

·
Manufacture of Food

·
Nutrition, Metabolism and Disease

·
Food Safety

·
Principles of Human Nutrition

·
Nutrition and the Health of Populations

·
Food Factory OperationsReference:LINK didattica WEB.2

Aim: chemical and medical information about the principles
classes of food and dietetic programs. Food and Health

·
Introduction to Nutrition

·
Introductory Biochemistry

·
Food Materials and Ingredients

·
Microbial Physiology

·
Food Commodities

·
Manufacture of Food

·
Food Safety

·
Food Product Case Studies

·
The Microflora of Foods

·
Research Project in Food Science 2

·
Sensory Quality of Food

·
Food Factory OperationsReference:LINK didattica WEB.2

we run a very successful training programme with Nottingham Campus, for a yearly period of four months.Then we give the opportunity to our studentsto spend part of their course in a public or private pharmacy in which to learn how to manage a pharmacy and deal with the pharmaceutical legislation.

The final exam consist of a discussion of a thesis based on theoretical and practical matters, thanks to the approach to a lab in which following a research projects.Indeed the experimental thesis could be run even in the regulatory module, but the core of this thesis has to show an innovative side of the argument treated.Or, on the other hand, the thesis could be also a compilative one.